Poland in figures
Back to PolandOnly 2020 broke Poland's run of growth: real output fell 2.0% that year, and in 2009 it still rose 2.6%. By 2025 the economy was worth $1.04 trillion in current dollars. The population went the other way, shrinking in most years to 36,435,861 in 2025, and women had 1.14 children on average in 2024, the fewest in the series.
GDP
$1.04 tn
2025
from $173.0 bn in 2000
GDP per person
$28 420
2025
from $4 521 in 2000
Real growth
3.6%
2025
from 4.7% in 2000
Inflation
3.8%
2025
from 9.9% in 2000
Unemployment
3.0%
2025
from 14.9% in 2000
Government debt
58.8%of GDP
2025
from 36.3% in 2000
Sections
Economy
How large Poland's economy is, how fast it grows and what it is made of
The fastest year came straight after the only fall, with growth of 6.9% in 2021. It dropped to 0.2% in 2023 and picked up to 3.6% in 2025, and the IMF projected 3.3% for 2026 and 2.5% for 2031. In current dollars GDP went from $173.0 billion in 2000 to $535.6 billion in 2008, slipped to $440.9 billion in 2009 and dipped again to $473.3 billion in 2016 before climbing every year to 2025. Output per person at purchasing power was $54,262 in 2025, against $10,721 in 2000. Services produced 59.7% of GDP in 2025, their largest share in the series, up from 56.8% in 2000. Industry, construction included, peaked at 31.0% in 2015 and fell to 25.8% by 2025. Manufacturing stayed between 14.1% in 2002 and 18.3% in 2016 and stood at 15.1% in 2025, when agriculture, forestry and fishing accounted for 2.5%.
$1.04 tn2025
Data
| Year | GDP, current US dollars |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $1.04 tn |
| 2024 | $917.8 bn |
| 2023 | $812.5 bn |
| 2022 | $695.6 bn |
| 2021 | $689.2 bn |
| 2020 | $605.9 bn |
| 2019 | $602.7 bn |
| 2018 | $594.6 bn |
| 2017 | $528.4 bn |
| 2016 | $473.3 bn |
| 2015 | $480.1 bn |
| 2014 | $542.1 bn |
| 2013 | $518.2 bn |
| 2012 | $498.1 bn |
| 2011 | $527.8 bn |
| 2010 | $478.1 bn |
| 2009 | $440.9 bn |
| 2008 | $535.6 bn |
| 2007 | $429.7 bn |
| 2006 | $345.9 bn |
| 2005 | $307.0 bn |
| 2004 | $256.3 bn |
| 2003 | $218.6 bn |
| 2002 | $199.7 bn |
| 2001 | $191.8 bn |
| 2000 | $173.0 bn |
Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD
3.6%2025
Data
| Year | Growth |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | 2.5% |
| 2030 (projection) | 2.5% |
| 2029 (projection) | 2.6% |
| 2028 (projection) | 2.6% |
| 2027 (projection) | 2.4% |
| 2026 (projection) | 3.3% |
| 2025 | 3.6% |
| 2024 | 3.0% |
| 2023 | 0.3% |
| 2022 | 5.3% |
| 2021 | 6.9% |
| 2020 | −2.0% |
| 2019 | 4.6% |
| 2018 | 6.3% |
| 2017 | 5.2% |
| 2016 | 3.0% |
| 2015 | 4.4% |
| 2014 | 3.9% |
| 2013 | 0.7% |
| 2012 | 1.5% |
| 2011 | 5.3% |
| 2010 | 3.2% |
| 2009 | 2.6% |
| 2008 | 4.4% |
| 2007 | 6.8% |
| 2006 | 6.2% |
| 2005 | 3.3% |
| 2004 | 5.1% |
| 2003 | 3.5% |
| 2002 | 1.9% |
| 2001 | 1.2% |
| 2000 | 4.7% |
Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook NGDP_RPCH
$28 4202025
At market exchange ratesAt purchasing power parity
Data
| Year | GDP per person | At purchasing power |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $28 420 | $54 262 |
| 2024 | $25 104 | $51 263 |
| 2023 | $22 145 | $48 473 |
| 2022 | $18 891 | $46 778 |
| 2021 | $18 636 | $41 060 |
| 2020 | $16 151 | $37 089 |
| 2019 | $15 875 | $35 882 |
| 2018 | $15 658 | $32 345 |
| 2017 | $13 913 | $30 170 |
| 2016 | $12 464 | $28 360 |
| 2015 | $12 638 | $26 988 |
| 2014 | $14 262 | $25 460 |
| 2013 | $13 622 | $24 434 |
| 2012 | $13 087 | $23 728 |
| 2011 | $13 868 | $22 809 |
| 2010 | $12 568 | $20 991 |
| 2009 | $11 556 | $19 300 |
| 2008 | $14 049 | $18 372 |
| 2007 | $11 273 | $16 833 |
| 2006 | $9 069 | $15 205 |
| 2005 | $8 044 | $13 936 |
| 2004 | $6 712 | $13 413 |
| 2003 | $5 721 | $12 329 |
| 2002 | $5 223 | $11 841 |
| 2001 | $5 015 | $11 175 |
| 2000 | $4 521 | $10 721 |
Series World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD
Manufacturing has its own band and is left out of other industry. The remainder is taxes on products less subsidies, which the national accounts add to reach GDP.
- Services
- Manufacturing
- Other industry and construction
- Agriculture, forestry, fishing
- Taxes less subsidies
Prices and work
What prices and jobs did
Consumer prices fell 0.9% in 2015 and 0.7% in 2016. In 2022 they rose 14.4%, and no year since 2000 came higher. Inflation was 11.5% in 2023 and 3.8% in both 2024 and 2025. Unemployment moved further. It was 20.2% in 2002 and 9.6% by 2007, and it reached a low of 2.7% in 2023. Among people aged 15 to 24 it went from 43.3% in 2002 to 10.7% in 2025.
3.8%2025
Data
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | 2.5% |
| 2030 (projection) | 2.5% |
| 2029 (projection) | 2.7% |
| 2028 (projection) | 3.9% |
| 2027 (projection) | 3.3% |
| 2026 (projection) | 3.3% |
| 2025 | 3.8% |
| 2024 | 3.8% |
| 2023 | 11.5% |
| 2022 | 14.4% |
| 2021 | 5.1% |
| 2020 | 3.4% |
| 2019 | 2.2% |
| 2018 | 1.8% |
| 2017 | 2.1% |
| 2016 | −0.7% |
| 2015 | −0.9% |
| 2014 | 0.1% |
| 2013 | 1.0% |
| 2012 | 3.6% |
| 2011 | 4.2% |
| 2010 | 2.6% |
| 2009 | 3.8% |
| 2008 | 4.2% |
| 2007 | 2.5% |
| 2006 | 1.3% |
| 2005 | 2.2% |
| 2004 | 3.4% |
| 2003 | 0.7% |
| 2002 | 1.9% |
| 2001 | 5.4% |
| 2000 | 9.9% |
Series World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook PCPIPCH
3.0%2025
All agesAges 15 to 24
Data
| Year | Unemployment | Ages 15 to 24 |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 3.0% | 10.7% |
| 2024 | 2.8% | 10.7% |
| 2023 | 2.7% | 11.2% |
| 2022 | 2.8% | 10.6% |
| 2021 | 3.3% | 11.8% |
| 2020 | 3.2% | 10.8% |
| 2019 | 3.3% | 9.8% |
| 2018 | 3.8% | 11.7% |
| 2017 | 4.9% | 14.8% |
| 2016 | 6.1% | 17.6% |
| 2015 | 7.5% | 20.7% |
| 2014 | 9.0% | 23.7% |
| 2013 | 10.3% | 27.2% |
| 2012 | 10.0% | 26.3% |
| 2011 | 9.6% | 25.5% |
| 2010 | 9.6% | 23.6% |
| 2009 | 8.1% | 20.5% |
| 2008 | 7.1% | 17.1% |
| 2007 | 9.6% | 21.4% |
| 2006 | 13.8% | 29.5% |
| 2005 | 17.6% | 37.0% |
| 2004 | 18.8% | 40.0% |
| 2003 | 19.9% | 42.7% |
| 2002 | 20.2% | 43.3% |
| 2001 | 18.4% | 40.4% |
| 2000 | 14.9% | 32.9% |
Series World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS · World Bank SL.UEM.1524.ZS
Trade
How open the economy is
Exports more than doubled as a share of output, from 27.1% of GDP in 2001 to 62.4% in 2022, then eased to 50.0% in 2025. Imports peaked at 60.7% in 2022 as well. The current account showed a deficit of 6.8% of GDP in 2008, a surplus of 2.4% in 2020 and a deficit again of 0.9% in 2025, while foreign direct investment brought in 6.2% of GDP in 2006 and 1.9% in 2025.
50.0%2025
ExportsImports
Data
| Year | Exports of goods and services | Imports |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 50.0% | 47.1% |
| 2024 | 52.2% | 48.2% |
| 2023 | 57.9% | 52.1% |
| 2022 | 62.4% | 60.7% |
| 2021 | 57.0% | 53.8% |
| 2020 | 52.4% | 46.8% |
| 2019 | 52.6% | 49.0% |
| 2018 | 52.2% | 50.2% |
| 2017 | 51.7% | 48.9% |
| 2016 | 49.9% | 47.0% |
| 2015 | 47.2% | 45.1% |
| 2014 | 46.2% | 45.8% |
| 2013 | 45.8% | 44.6% |
| 2012 | 44.0% | 44.8% |
| 2011 | 42.3% | 44.6% |
| 2010 | 39.9% | 42.3% |
| 2009 | 37.0% | 38.0% |
| 2008 | 37.7% | 42.9% |
| 2007 | 38.5% | 42.3% |
| 2006 | 37.7% | 40.0% |
| 2005 | 34.5% | 35.8% |
| 2004 | 34.1% | 36.9% |
| 2003 | 33.2% | 36.0% |
| 2002 | 28.6% | 32.2% |
| 2001 | 27.1% | 30.8% |
| 2000 | 27.1% | 33.5% |
Series World Bank NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS · World Bank NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS
−0.9%2025
Data
| Year | Current account balance |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −0.9% |
| 2024 | 0.3% |
| 2023 | 1.5% |
| 2022 | −2.3% |
| 2021 | −1.3% |
| 2020 | 2.4% |
| 2019 | −0.3% |
| 2018 | −2.0% |
| 2017 | −1.2% |
| 2016 | −1.1% |
| 2015 | −1.3% |
| 2014 | −3.0% |
| 2013 | −2.0% |
| 2012 | −4.1% |
| 2011 | −5.1% |
| 2010 | −5.2% |
| 2009 | −4.0% |
| 2008 | −6.8% |
| 2007 | −6.7% |
| 2006 | −4.7% |
| 2005 | −3.3% |
| 2004 | −6.0% |
| 2003 | −2.5% |
| 2002 | −2.8% |
| 2001 | −3.1% |
| 2000 | −6.0% |
Series World Bank BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS
1.9%2025
Data
| Year | Foreign direct investment, net inflows |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 1.9% |
| 2024 | 2.3% |
| 2023 | 4.4% |
| 2022 | 6.0% |
| 2021 | 5.4% |
| 2020 | 3.3% |
| 2019 | 3.1% |
| 2018 | 3.4% |
| 2017 | 2.4% |
| 2016 | 3.8% |
| 2015 | 3.3% |
| 2014 | 3.9% |
| 2013 | 0.3% |
| 2012 | 1.5% |
| 2011 | 3.6% |
| 2010 | 3.9% |
| 2009 | 3.2% |
| 2008 | 2.7% |
| 2007 | 5.8% |
| 2006 | 6.2% |
| 2005 | 3.6% |
| 2004 | 5.4% |
| 2003 | 2.5% |
| 2002 | 2.0% |
| 2001 | 3.0% |
| 2000 | 5.4% |
Series World Bank BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS
Public finances
What the state owes and borrows
Gross government debt was 36.3% of GDP in 2000 and 58.8% in 2025, its highest, and the IMF projected 65.7% for 2026 and 77.6% for 2031. The budget came closest to balance in 2018, at a deficit of 0.2% of GDP. In 2025 the government borrowed 7.0%. Taxes brought in 18.0% of GDP in 2023.
58.8%2025
Data
| Year | General government gross debt |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | 77.6% |
| 2030 (projection) | 75.8% |
| 2029 (projection) | 73.9% |
| 2028 (projection) | 71.6% |
| 2027 (projection) | 69.6% |
| 2026 (projection) | 65.7% |
| 2025 | 58.8% |
| 2024 | 55.1% |
| 2023 | 49.5% |
| 2022 | 48.8% |
| 2021 | 53.0% |
| 2020 | 56.6% |
| 2019 | 45.2% |
| 2018 | 48.2% |
| 2017 | 50.4% |
| 2016 | 54.1% |
| 2015 | 51.1% |
| 2014 | 51.1% |
| 2013 | 56.9% |
| 2012 | 54.5% |
| 2011 | 54.8% |
| 2010 | 53.7% |
| 2009 | 49.7% |
| 2008 | 46.6% |
| 2007 | 44.4% |
| 2006 | 47.1% |
| 2005 | 46.5% |
| 2004 | 45.0% |
| 2003 | 46.2% |
| 2002 | 41.4% |
| 2001 | 37.0% |
| 2000 | 36.3% |
Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXWDG_NGDP
−7.0%2025
Below zero the government borrowed.
Data
| Year | General government net lending or borrowing |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | −4.8% |
| 2030 (projection) | −5.0% |
| 2029 (projection) | −5.4% |
| 2028 (projection) | −5.7% |
| 2027 (projection) | −6.4% |
| 2026 (projection) | −6.7% |
| 2025 | −7.0% |
| 2024 | −6.5% |
| 2023 | −5.2% |
| 2022 | −3.4% |
| 2021 | −1.7% |
| 2020 | −6.9% |
| 2019 | −0.7% |
| 2018 | −0.2% |
| 2017 | −1.5% |
| 2016 | −2.4% |
| 2015 | −2.6% |
| 2014 | −3.7% |
| 2013 | −4.2% |
| 2012 | −3.8% |
| 2011 | −5.0% |
| 2010 | −7.4% |
| 2009 | −7.2% |
| 2008 | −3.6% |
| 2007 | −1.9% |
| 2006 | −3.5% |
| 2005 | −3.9% |
| 2004 | −5.0% |
| 2003 | −6.0% |
| 2002 | −4.8% |
| 2001 | −4.7% |
| 2000 | −4.0% |
Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXCNL_NGDP
18.0%2023
Data
| Year | Tax revenue |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 18.0% |
| 2022 | 17.1% |
| 2021 | 19.0% |
| 2020 | 17.3% |
| 2019 | 17.1% |
| 2018 | 17.2% |
| 2017 | 16.7% |
| 2016 | 16.2% |
| 2015 | 15.6% |
| 2014 | 15.6% |
| 2013 | 15.7% |
| 2012 | 16.0% |
| 2011 | 16.7% |
| 2010 | 16.5% |
| 2009 | 16.0% |
| 2008 | 18.2% |
| 2007 | 18.1% |
| 2006 | 17.1% |
| 2005 | 16.4% |
| 2004 | 15.6% |
| 2003 | 16.7% |
| 2002 | 16.8% |
| 2001 | 16.0% |
| 2000 | 16.9% |
Series World Bank GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS
People
Who lives in Poland
World Bank estimates put the population at 38,258,629 in 2000 and 36,435,861 in 2025, with the sharpest fall, 1.4%, in 2021. Net migration swung from an inflow of 967,744 in 2022 to an outflow of 330,820 in 2025. Deaths outnumbered births. In 2024 there were 11.2 deaths per 1,000 people and 6.9 births. People aged 65 or over made up 12.2% of residents in 2000 and 20.8% in 2025, and life expectancy at birth reached 78.4 years in 2024.
36.44 m2025
The axis does not start at zero, so the change looks larger than it is.
Data
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 36.44 m |
| 2024 | 36.56 m |
| 2023 | 36.69 m |
| 2022 | 36.82 m |
| 2021 | 36.98 m |
| 2020 | 37.52 m |
| 2019 | 37.97 m |
| 2018 | 37.97 m |
| 2017 | 37.97 m |
| 2016 | 37.97 m |
| 2015 | 37.99 m |
| 2014 | 38.01 m |
| 2013 | 38.04 m |
| 2012 | 38.06 m |
| 2011 | 38.06 m |
| 2010 | 38.04 m |
| 2009 | 38.15 m |
| 2008 | 38.13 m |
| 2007 | 38.12 m |
| 2006 | 38.14 m |
| 2005 | 38.17 m |
| 2004 | 38.18 m |
| 2003 | 38.20 m |
| 2002 | 38.23 m |
| 2001 | 38.25 m |
| 2000 | 38.26 m |
Series World Bank SP.POP.TOTL
Data
| Year | Aged 0 to 14 | 15 to 64 | 65 and over |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 14.5% | 64.8% | 20.8% |
| 2024 | 14.8% | 65.0% | 20.1% |
| 2023 | 15.1% | 65.3% | 19.6% |
| 2022 | 15.3% | 65.7% | 19.0% |
| 2021 | 15.5% | 66.0% | 18.5% |
| 2020 | 15.5% | 66.4% | 18.1% |
| 2019 | 15.4% | 67.0% | 17.6% |
| 2018 | 15.3% | 67.7% | 17.0% |
| 2017 | 15.2% | 68.3% | 16.5% |
| 2016 | 15.1% | 69.0% | 15.9% |
| 2015 | 15.1% | 69.5% | 15.4% |
| 2014 | 15.1% | 70.0% | 14.9% |
| 2013 | 15.1% | 70.5% | 14.4% |
| 2012 | 15.1% | 70.8% | 14.0% |
| 2011 | 15.2% | 71.1% | 13.7% |
| 2010 | 15.1% | 71.4% | 13.6% |
| 2009 | 15.2% | 71.3% | 13.6% |
| 2008 | 15.4% | 71.1% | 13.5% |
| 2007 | 15.7% | 70.9% | 13.5% |
| 2006 | 16.0% | 70.6% | 13.4% |
| 2005 | 16.5% | 70.3% | 13.2% |
| 2004 | 17.0% | 70.0% | 13.1% |
| 2003 | 17.5% | 69.6% | 12.9% |
| 2002 | 18.1% | 69.2% | 12.7% |
| 2001 | 18.7% | 68.8% | 12.5% |
| 2000 | 19.4% | 68.3% | 12.2% |
Series World Bank SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS
1.142024
Data
| Year | Births per woman |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.14 |
| 2023 | 1.20 |
| 2022 | 1.29 |
| 2021 | 1.33 |
| 2020 | 1.39 |
| 2019 | 1.44 |
| 2018 | 1.46 |
| 2017 | 1.48 |
| 2016 | 1.39 |
| 2015 | 1.32 |
| 2014 | 1.32 |
| 2013 | 1.29 |
| 2012 | 1.33 |
| 2011 | 1.33 |
| 2010 | 1.41 |
| 2009 | 1.40 |
| 2008 | 1.39 |
| 2007 | 1.31 |
| 2006 | 1.27 |
| 2005 | 1.24 |
| 2004 | 1.23 |
| 2003 | 1.22 |
| 2002 | 1.25 |
| 2001 | 1.31 |
| 2000 | 1.37 |
Series World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN
78.4 years2024
Data
| Year | Life expectancy at birth |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 78.4 years |
| 2023 | 78.3 years |
| 2022 | 77.2 years |
| 2021 | 75.3 years |
| 2020 | 76.4 years |
| 2019 | 77.9 years |
| 2018 | 77.6 years |
| 2017 | 77.8 years |
| 2016 | 77.8 years |
| 2015 | 77.5 years |
| 2014 | 77.6 years |
| 2013 | 77.0 years |
| 2012 | 76.8 years |
| 2011 | 76.7 years |
| 2010 | 76.3 years |
| 2009 | 75.7 years |
| 2008 | 75.5 years |
| 2007 | 75.2 years |
| 2006 | 75.1 years |
| 2005 | 75.0 years |
| 2004 | 74.8 years |
| 2003 | 74.6 years |
| 2002 | 74.5 years |
| 2001 | 74.2 years |
| 2000 | 73.8 years |
Series World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN
−330 8202025
People arriving less people leaving, each year. The largest net inflow in the series was 967 744 people, in 2022.
Data
| Year | Net migration |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −330 820 |
| 2024 | −238 062 |
| 2023 | −7 824 |
| 2022 | 967 744 |
| 2021 | 2 251 |
| 2020 | 3 920 |
| 2019 | 7 696 |
| 2018 | −223 |
| 2017 | −21 535 |
| 2016 | −5 675 |
| 2015 | 3 887 |
| 2014 | 5 525 |
| 2013 | 12 402 |
| 2012 | 4 635 |
| 2011 | 45 951 |
| 2010 | 119 623 |
| 2009 | −8 283 |
| 2008 | −42 288 |
| 2007 | −51 235 |
| 2006 | −68 882 |
| 2005 | −41 942 |
| 2004 | −38 216 |
| 2003 | −19 039 |
| 2002 | −16 462 |
| 2001 | −16 648 |
| 2000 | −15 921 |
Series World Bank SM.POP.NETM
Living standards
Health, schooling, the internet and inequality
Internet use went from 7.3% of people in 2000 to 88.6% in 2024. The Gini coefficient of income inequality stood at 38.0 in 2004 and 28.5 in 2023. Health spending rose to 8.1% of GDP in 2024, while public spending on education fell from 5.4% in 2005 to 4.3% in 2022.
8.1%2024
Data
| Year | Health spending |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 8.1% |
| 2023 | 7.1% |
| 2022 | 6.5% |
| 2021 | 6.4% |
| 2020 | 6.4% |
| 2019 | 6.4% |
| 2018 | 6.3% |
| 2017 | 6.5% |
| 2016 | 6.5% |
| 2015 | 6.4% |
| 2014 | 6.4% |
| 2013 | 6.5% |
| 2012 | 6.2% |
| 2011 | 6.3% |
| 2010 | 6.4% |
| 2009 | 6.6% |
| 2008 | 6.3% |
| 2007 | 5.9% |
| 2006 | 5.8% |
| 2005 | 5.8% |
| 2004 | 5.8% |
| 2003 | 5.9% |
| 2002 | 6.0% |
| 2001 | 5.6% |
| 2000 | 5.3% |
Series World Bank SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS
4.3%2022
Data
| Year | Public spending on education |
|---|---|
| 2022 | 4.3% |
| 2021 | 4.6% |
| 2020 | 4.8% |
| 2019 | 4.6% |
| 2018 | 4.6% |
| 2017 | 4.5% |
| 2016 | 4.6% |
| 2015 | 4.8% |
| 2014 | 4.9% |
| 2013 | 5.0% |
| 2012 | 4.8% |
| 2011 | 4.8% |
| 2010 | 5.1% |
| 2009 | 5.0% |
| 2008 | 5.0% |
| 2007 | 4.9% |
| 2006 | 5.2% |
| 2005 | 5.4% |
| 2004 | 5.3% |
| 2003 | 5.3% |
| 2002 | 5.4% |
| 2001 | 5.3% |
| 2000 | 5.0% |
Series World Bank SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS
88.6%2024
Data
| Year | Using the internet |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 88.6% |
| 2023 | 86.4% |
| 2022 | 86.9% |
| 2021 | 85.4% |
| 2020 | 83.2% |
| 2019 | 80.4% |
| 2018 | 77.5% |
| 2017 | 76.0% |
| 2016 | 73.3% |
| 2015 | 68.0% |
| 2014 | 66.6% |
| 2013 | 62.9% |
| 2012 | 62.3% |
| 2011 | 62.0% |
| 2010 | 62.3% |
| 2009 | 59.0% |
| 2008 | 53.1% |
| 2007 | 48.6% |
| 2006 | 44.6% |
| 2005 | 38.8% |
| 2004 | 32.5% |
| 2003 | 24.9% |
| 2002 | 21.1% |
| 2001 | 9.9% |
| 2000 | 7.3% |
Series World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS
28.52023
Data
| Year | Gini coefficient |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 28.5 |
| 2022 | 28.9 |
| 2021 | 28.5 |
| 2020 | 28.5 |
| 2019 | 28.8 |
| 2018 | 30.2 |
| 2017 | 29.7 |
| 2016 | 31.2 |
| 2015 | 31.8 |
| 2014 | 32.8 |
| 2013 | 33.1 |
| 2012 | 33.0 |
| 2011 | 33.2 |
| 2010 | 33.2 |
| 2009 | 33.4 |
| 2008 | 33.5 |
| 2007 | 34.0 |
| 2006 | 34.7 |
| 2005 | 35.8 |
| 2004 | 38.0 |
| 2003 | 34.9 |
| 2002 | 34.1 |
| 2001 | 32.8 |
| 2000 | 33.0 |
Series World Bank SI.POV.GINI
60.1%2025
−1.7 points since 2000, between 59.8% and 61.8% in every year
Data
| Year | Living in towns and cities |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 60.1% |
| 2024 | 60.0% |
| 2023 | 59.9% |
| 2022 | 59.8% |
| 2021 | 59.8% |
| 2020 | 59.9% |
| 2019 | 60.0% |
| 2018 | 60.0% |
| 2017 | 60.1% |
| 2016 | 60.2% |
| 2015 | 60.3% |
| 2014 | 60.4% |
| 2013 | 60.5% |
| 2012 | 60.6% |
| 2011 | 60.7% |
| 2010 | 60.9% |
| 2009 | 61.0% |
| 2008 | 61.1% |
| 2007 | 61.3% |
| 2006 | 61.4% |
| 2005 | 61.5% |
| 2004 | 61.7% |
| 2003 | 61.7% |
| 2002 | 61.8% |
| 2001 | 61.8% |
| 2000 | 61.8% |
Series World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS
Energy and environment
Energy, emissions and forest
Carbon dioxide emissions barely moved over the series: 8.2 tonnes per person in 2000, a high of 8.8 in 2021 and 7.5 tonnes in 2024. Renewables generated 3.0% of electricity in 2000 and 17.5% in 2021. Forest covered 31.1% of the land in 2023, its most in the series, against 29.6% in 2000.
17.5%2021
Data
| Year | Electricity from renewable sources |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 17.5% |
| 2020 | 18.4% |
| 2019 | 16.0% |
| 2018 | 13.0% |
| 2017 | 14.4% |
| 2016 | 14.0% |
| 2015 | 14.2% |
| 2014 | 12.9% |
| 2013 | 10.8% |
| 2012 | 10.8% |
| 2011 | 8.4% |
| 2010 | 7.4% |
| 2009 | 6.2% |
| 2008 | 4.7% |
| 2007 | 3.8% |
| 2006 | 3.3% |
| 2005 | 3.5% |
| 2004 | 3.1% |
| 2003 | 2.5% |
| 2002 | 3.0% |
| 2001 | 3.2% |
| 2000 | 3.0% |
Series World Bank EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS
15.2%2021
Data
| Year | Renewable share of final energy use |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 15.2% |
| 2020 | 16.1% |
| 2019 | 15.6% |
| 2018 | 15.1% |
| 2017 | 11.1% |
| 2016 | 11.3% |
| 2015 | 11.9% |
| 2014 | 11.6% |
| 2013 | 11.4% |
| 2012 | 10.9% |
| 2011 | 10.4% |
| 2010 | 9.5% |
| 2009 | 8.8% |
| 2008 | 8.0% |
| 2007 | 7.3% |
| 2006 | 7.2% |
| 2005 | 7.2% |
| 2004 | 7.3% |
| 2003 | 7.3% |
| 2002 | 7.5% |
| 2001 | 7.3% |
| 2000 | 6.9% |
Series World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS
7.5 t2024
Data
| Year | CO2 emissions per person |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 7.5 t |
| 2023 | 7.7 t |
| 2022 | 8.4 t |
| 2021 | 8.8 t |
| 2020 | 7.9 t |
| 2019 | 8.2 t |
| 2018 | 8.7 t |
| 2017 | 8.7 t |
| 2016 | 8.3 t |
| 2015 | 8.1 t |
| 2014 | 8.0 t |
| 2013 | 8.3 t |
| 2012 | 8.4 t |
| 2011 | 8.6 t |
| 2010 | 8.7 t |
| 2009 | 8.2 t |
| 2008 | 8.5 t |
| 2007 | 8.7 t |
| 2006 | 8.7 t |
| 2005 | 8.3 t |
| 2004 | 8.3 t |
| 2003 | 8.3 t |
| 2002 | 7.9 t |
| 2001 | 8.1 t |
| 2000 | 8.2 t |
Series World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5
31.1%2023
+1.5 points since 2000, between 29.6% and 31.1% in every year
Data
| Year | Forest cover |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 31.1% |
| 2022 | 31.1% |
| 2021 | 31.0% |
| 2020 | 31.0% |
| 2019 | 30.9% |
| 2018 | 30.9% |
| 2017 | 30.9% |
| 2016 | 30.8% |
| 2015 | 30.8% |
| 2014 | 30.7% |
| 2013 | 30.6% |
| 2012 | 30.6% |
| 2011 | 30.5% |
| 2010 | 30.5% |
| 2009 | 30.4% |
| 2008 | 30.3% |
| 2007 | 30.2% |
| 2006 | 30.1% |
| 2005 | 30.0% |
| 2004 | 29.9% |
| 2003 | 29.9% |
| 2002 | 29.8% |
| 2001 | 29.7% |
| 2000 | 29.6% |
Series World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS
Codes
Poland's codes and memberships
The state
- Status
- Sovereign state
- State since
- 1918
- Government
- parliamentary system, semi-presidential system, unitary state
- Official language
- Polish
- United Nations
- Member
Identifiers
- Calling code
- +48
- Internet domain
- .pl
- Time zone
- UTC+01:00
Memberships
- 1991V4Visegrád Group
- 1991Council of EuropeCouncil of Europe
- 1995WTOWorld Trade Organization
- 2004EUEuropean Union
- 2007SchengenSchengen Area
Also a member, joining year not on record
Questions
Questions about Poland in figures
How large is Poland's economy?
Poland's GDP was $1.04 trillion in 2025 in current US dollars, according to the World Bank, or $28,420 per person. Measured at purchasing power parity it was $54,262 a head in 2025, up from $10,721 in 2000.
Has Poland's economy shrunk since 2000?
Once. By the World Bank's figures real GDP fell 2.0% in 2020 and grew in every other year from 2000 to 2025, including 2.6% in 2009 and 0.2% in 2023. Growth reached 3.6% in 2025; for 2026 the IMF projected 3.3%.
What was inflation in Poland in 2025?
Consumer prices rose 3.8% in 2025, the same as in 2024, according to the World Bank. The peak since 2000 was 14.4% in 2022, and in 2015 prices fell 0.9%; the IMF projected 3.3% for 2026.
How much government debt does Poland have?
General government gross debt was 58.8% of GDP in 2025 by the IMF's estimate, against 36.3% in 2000. The IMF projected 65.7% for 2026 and 77.6% for 2031, with the deficit narrowing from 6.7% of GDP in 2026 to 4.8% in 2031.
What is the unemployment rate in Poland?
Poland's jobless rate was 3.0% in 2025 by the World Bank's figures, near the low of 2.7% in 2023 and far below the 20.2% of 2002, and the IMF projected 3.4% for 2026.
How many people live in Poland?
The World Bank estimated Poland's population at 36,435,861 in 2025, down from 38,258,629 in 2000. Net migration took away 330,820 people in 2025, three years after adding 967,744 in 2022.
How old is Poland's population?
In 2025 people aged 65 or over made up 20.8% of Poland's population and children under 15 made up 14.5%, according to the World Bank. In 2000 the shares were 12.2% and 19.4%. Women had 1.14 children on average in 2024.
Record generated 2026-08-31, series 2026-09-27 · Q36 · World Bank data · Europe