United Kingdom in figures
Back to United KingdomGovernment debt in the United Kingdom roughly tripled against output, from 34.8% of GDP in 2001 to 102.3% in 2025 by the IMF's estimate, and the IMF projected it to stay above 100% through 2031. Over the same years the population grew from 58,892,514 in 2000 to 69,487,000 in 2025, with more people arriving than leaving in every year of the record. Manufacturing made up 7.7% of GDP in 2025, the smallest share since 2000.
GDP
$4.00 tn
2025
from $1.67 tn in 2000
GDP per person
$57 602
2025
from $28 384 in 2000
Real growth
1.4%
2025
from 4.5% in 2000
Inflation
3.9%
2025
from 1.2% in 2000
Unemployment
4.8%
2025
from 5.6% in 2000
Government debt
102.3%of GDP
2025
from 37.5% in 2000
Sections
Economy
How large United Kingdom's economy is, how fast it grows and what it is made of
Output contracted twice in the series: by 4.6% in 2009 and by 10.1% in 2020, the deepest fall on record, before growing 8.5% in 2021. Growth has been below 2% in every year after 2022. It was 1.4% in 2025. In current dollars GDP touched $3.10 trillion in 2007, dropped to $2.43 trillion by 2009 and passed $4.00 trillion in 2025. At purchasing power, output per person was $64,606 in 2025, against $57,602 at market exchange rates. Services accounted for 73.1% of GDP in 2025, up from 66.3% in 2000, while industry, construction included, shrank from 22.7% to 16.5%. Manufacturing on its own fell from 13.3% in 2000 to 7.7% in 2025, the low point of every year shown. Farming, forestry and fishing added 0.6% in 2025.
$4.00 tn2025
Data
| Year | GDP, current US dollars |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $4.00 tn |
| 2024 | $3.70 tn |
| 2023 | $3.42 tn |
| 2022 | $3.18 tn |
| 2021 | $3.19 tn |
| 2020 | $2.72 tn |
| 2019 | $2.88 tn |
| 2018 | $2.90 tn |
| 2017 | $2.70 tn |
| 2016 | $2.71 tn |
| 2015 | $2.95 tn |
| 2014 | $3.09 tn |
| 2013 | $2.80 tn |
| 2012 | $2.72 tn |
| 2011 | $2.68 tn |
| 2010 | $2.50 tn |
| 2009 | $2.43 tn |
| 2008 | $2.95 tn |
| 2007 | $3.10 tn |
| 2006 | $2.72 tn |
| 2005 | $2.55 tn |
| 2004 | $2.43 tn |
| 2003 | $2.06 tn |
| 2002 | $1.79 tn |
| 2001 | $1.66 tn |
| 2000 | $1.67 tn |
Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD
1.4%2025
Data
| Year | Growth |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | 1.4% |
| 2030 (projection) | 1.5% |
| 2029 (projection) | 1.6% |
| 2028 (projection) | 1.6% |
| 2027 (projection) | 1.3% |
| 2026 (projection) | 0.8% |
| 2025 | 1.4% |
| 2024 | 1.1% |
| 2023 | 0.3% |
| 2022 | 5.2% |
| 2021 | 8.5% |
| 2020 | −10.1% |
| 2019 | 1.3% |
| 2018 | 1.6% |
| 2017 | 3.0% |
| 2016 | 2.2% |
| 2015 | 2.1% |
| 2014 | 3.2% |
| 2013 | 1.7% |
| 2012 | 1.5% |
| 2011 | 0.8% |
| 2010 | 2.3% |
| 2009 | −4.6% |
| 2008 | −0.1% |
| 2007 | 2.9% |
| 2006 | 2.2% |
| 2005 | 2.8% |
| 2004 | 2.3% |
| 2003 | 3.2% |
| 2002 | 1.7% |
| 2001 | 2.4% |
| 2000 | 4.5% |
Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook NGDP_RPCH
$57 6022025
At market exchange ratesAt purchasing power parity
Data
| Year | GDP per person | At purchasing power |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $57 602 | $64 606 |
| 2024 | $53 341 | $62 839 |
| 2023 | $49 920 | $60 787 |
| 2022 | $47 035 | $60 267 |
| 2021 | $47 696 | $51 840 |
| 2020 | $40 815 | $48 720 |
| 2019 | $43 161 | $50 494 |
| 2018 | $43 704 | $47 636 |
| 2017 | $40 918 | $46 441 |
| 2016 | $41 259 | $44 376 |
| 2015 | $45 256 | $42 772 |
| 2014 | $47 747 | $41 546 |
| 2013 | $43 608 | $40 121 |
| 2012 | $42 688 | $38 515 |
| 2011 | $42 296 | $37 389 |
| 2010 | $39 778 | $36 649 |
| 2009 | $39 009 | $35 281 |
| 2008 | $47 652 | $36 943 |
| 2007 | $50 629 | $35 685 |
| 2006 | $44 695 | $34 870 |
| 2005 | $42 240 | $32 831 |
| 2004 | $40 504 | $32 160 |
| 2003 | $34 557 | $30 414 |
| 2002 | $30 159 | $29 167 |
| 2001 | $28 014 | $28 020 |
| 2000 | $28 384 | $26 632 |
Series World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD
Manufacturing has its own band and is left out of other industry. The remainder is taxes on products less subsidies, which the national accounts add to reach GDP.
- Services
- Manufacturing
- Other industry and construction
- Agriculture, forestry, fishing
- Taxes less subsidies
Prices and work
What prices and jobs did
Price rises bottomed out at 0.4% in 2015 and 1.0% in 2020, then jumped to 7.9% in 2022 and 6.8% in 2023, the two steepest years since 2000. Inflation ended the series at 3.9% in 2025. Unemployment peaked at 8.3% in 2012, after 5.8% in 2008, then fell to 3.7% in 2019; it had crept back to 4.8% by 2025. Youth unemployment, for ages 15 to 24, hit 22.1% in 2012 and was 14.7% in 2025.
3.9%2025
Data
| Year | Inflation |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | 2.0% |
| 2030 (projection) | 2.0% |
| 2029 (projection) | 2.0% |
| 2028 (projection) | 2.0% |
| 2027 (projection) | 2.4% |
| 2026 (projection) | 3.2% |
| 2025 | 3.9% |
| 2024 | 3.3% |
| 2023 | 6.8% |
| 2022 | 7.9% |
| 2021 | 2.5% |
| 2020 | 1.0% |
| 2019 | 1.7% |
| 2018 | 2.3% |
| 2017 | 2.6% |
| 2016 | 1.0% |
| 2015 | 0.4% |
| 2014 | 1.4% |
| 2013 | 2.3% |
| 2012 | 2.6% |
| 2011 | 3.9% |
| 2010 | 2.5% |
| 2009 | 2.0% |
| 2008 | 3.5% |
| 2007 | 2.4% |
| 2006 | 2.5% |
| 2005 | 2.1% |
| 2004 | 1.4% |
| 2003 | 1.4% |
| 2002 | 1.5% |
| 2001 | 1.5% |
| 2000 | 1.2% |
Series World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook PCPIPCH
4.8%2025
All agesAges 15 to 24
Data
| Year | Unemployment | Ages 15 to 24 |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 4.8% | 14.7% |
| 2024 | 4.4% | 14.3% |
| 2023 | 4.0% | 11.9% |
| 2022 | 3.8% | 10.6% |
| 2021 | 4.9% | 12.9% |
| 2020 | 4.5% | 13.4% |
| 2019 | 3.7% | 10.7% |
| 2018 | 4.1% | 11.7% |
| 2017 | 4.5% | 12.5% |
| 2016 | 4.9% | 13.2% |
| 2015 | 5.5% | 15.2% |
| 2014 | 6.4% | 17.5% |
| 2013 | 7.8% | 20.9% |
| 2012 | 8.3% | 22.1% |
| 2011 | 8.2% | 21.7% |
| 2010 | 8.0% | 20.3% |
| 2009 | 7.7% | 19.5% |
| 2008 | 5.8% | 15.3% |
| 2007 | 5.4% | 14.6% |
| 2006 | 5.5% | 14.2% |
| 2005 | 4.9% | 13.1% |
| 2004 | 4.6% | 10.6% |
| 2003 | 4.8% | 11.2% |
| 2002 | 5.0% | 10.8% |
| 2001 | 4.7% | 10.2% |
| 2000 | 5.6% | 11.9% |
Series World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS · World Bank SL.UEM.1524.ZS
Trade
How open the economy is
Exports rose from 24.0% of GDP in 2003 to 34.1% in 2022 and stood at 30.6% in 2025. Imports ran above exports in every year shown, reaching 35.1% in 2022 and 31.9% in 2025. The current account has been in deficit throughout, widest at 5.5% of GDP in 2016. Net inflows of foreign direct investment peaked at 12.0% of GDP in 2016 and turned negative in 2018, at 0.9%.
30.6%2025
ExportsImports
Data
| Year | Exports of goods and services | Imports |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 30.6% | 31.9% |
| 2024 | 31.1% | 31.8% |
| 2023 | 31.9% | 33.1% |
| 2022 | 34.1% | 35.1% |
| 2021 | 29.3% | 29.3% |
| 2020 | 29.9% | 29.2% |
| 2019 | 31.9% | 33.1% |
| 2018 | 31.9% | 33.1% |
| 2017 | 31.0% | 32.2% |
| 2016 | 29.1% | 30.8% |
| 2015 | 27.9% | 29.3% |
| 2014 | 28.5% | 30.3% |
| 2013 | 30.2% | 31.5% |
| 2012 | 30.5% | 31.5% |
| 2011 | 31.3% | 32.1% |
| 2010 | 28.8% | 30.3% |
| 2009 | 26.7% | 27.9% |
| 2008 | 27.4% | 29.1% |
| 2007 | 25.4% | 27.3% |
| 2006 | 27.4% | 29.3% |
| 2005 | 25.2% | 27.3% |
| 2004 | 24.0% | 26.3% |
| 2003 | 24.0% | 26.1% |
| 2002 | 24.4% | 26.8% |
| 2001 | 25.4% | 27.2% |
| 2000 | 25.6% | 26.8% |
Series World Bank NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS · World Bank NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS
−2.4%2025
Data
| Year | Current account balance |
|---|---|
| 2025 | −2.4% |
| 2024 | −3.0% |
| 2023 | −3.6% |
| 2022 | −2.1% |
| 2021 | −0.8% |
| 2020 | −2.9% |
| 2019 | −2.7% |
| 2018 | −3.9% |
| 2017 | −3.5% |
| 2016 | −5.5% |
| 2015 | −4.9% |
| 2014 | −5.0% |
| 2013 | −4.6% |
| 2012 | −3.1% |
| 2011 | −1.6% |
| 2010 | −2.8% |
| 2009 | −3.0% |
| 2008 | −3.9% |
| 2007 | −3.7% |
| 2006 | −3.1% |
| 2005 | −2.0% |
| 2004 | −2.3% |
| 2003 | −1.8% |
| 2002 | −2.0% |
| 2001 | −1.8% |
| 2000 | −1.8% |
Series World Bank BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS
1.9%2025
Data
| Year | Foreign direct investment, net inflows |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 1.9% |
| 2024 | −0.3% |
| 2023 | 0.4% |
| 2022 | 2.9% |
| 2021 | 3.2% |
| 2020 | 5.8% |
| 2019 | 0.7% |
| 2018 | −0.9% |
| 2017 | 4.6% |
| 2016 | 12.0% |
| 2015 | 1.5% |
| 2014 | 1.9% |
| 2013 | 1.9% |
| 2012 | 1.7% |
| 2011 | 1.0% |
| 2010 | 2.7% |
| 2009 | 0.6% |
| 2008 | 8.6% |
| 2007 | 6.8% |
| 2006 | 7.5% |
| 2005 | 9.9% |
| 2004 | 3.6% |
| 2003 | 1.8% |
| 2002 | 5.0% |
| 2001 | 3.4% |
| 2000 | 9.8% |
Series World Bank BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS
Public finances
What the state owes and borrows
Two steps built the debt. It rose from 43.0% of GDP in 2007 to 84.1% in 2012, then jumped from 84.9% in 2019 to 104.8% in 2020, a level not seen before or since in the series. The government last ran a surplus in 2001, at 0.3% of GDP; it borrowed 12.9% in 2020 and 5.4% in 2025. The IMF projected debt at 104.1% in 2027 and 102.6% in 2031. Tax revenue reached 26.9% of GDP in 2024.
102.3%2025
Data
| Year | General government gross debt |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | 102.6% |
| 2030 (projection) | 102.9% |
| 2029 (projection) | 103.5% |
| 2028 (projection) | 103.9% |
| 2027 (projection) | 104.1% |
| 2026 (projection) | 103.6% |
| 2025 | 102.3% |
| 2024 | 99.9% |
| 2023 | 98.9% |
| 2022 | 97.5% |
| 2021 | 103.4% |
| 2020 | 104.8% |
| 2019 | 84.9% |
| 2018 | 85.6% |
| 2017 | 86.1% |
| 2016 | 87.3% |
| 2015 | 87.3% |
| 2014 | 86.5% |
| 2013 | 84.9% |
| 2012 | 84.1% |
| 2011 | 81.1% |
| 2010 | 75.5% |
| 2009 | 64.5% |
| 2008 | 50.6% |
| 2007 | 43.0% |
| 2006 | 41.9% |
| 2005 | 40.9% |
| 2004 | 39.7% |
| 2003 | 36.6% |
| 2002 | 35.3% |
| 2001 | 34.8% |
| 2000 | 37.5% |
Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXWDG_NGDP
−5.4%2025
Below zero the government borrowed.
Data
| Year | General government net lending or borrowing |
|---|---|
| 2031 (projection) | −1.6% |
| 2030 (projection) | −1.7% |
| 2029 (projection) | −2.0% |
| 2028 (projection) | −2.6% |
| 2027 (projection) | −3.1% |
| 2026 (projection) | −3.9% |
| 2025 | −5.4% |
| 2024 | −6.1% |
| 2023 | −6.0% |
| 2022 | −4.6% |
| 2021 | −7.5% |
| 2020 | −12.9% |
| 2019 | −2.4% |
| 2018 | −2.2% |
| 2017 | −2.5% |
| 2016 | −3.3% |
| 2015 | −4.5% |
| 2014 | −5.5% |
| 2013 | −5.3% |
| 2012 | −8.0% |
| 2011 | −7.4% |
| 2010 | −9.2% |
| 2009 | −10.0% |
| 2008 | −5.0% |
| 2007 | −2.6% |
| 2006 | −2.7% |
| 2005 | −3.1% |
| 2004 | −3.1% |
| 2003 | −3.2% |
| 2002 | −1.9% |
| 2001 | 0.3% |
| 2000 | 1.4% |
Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXCNL_NGDP
26.9%2024
Data
| Year | Tax revenue |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 26.9% |
| 2023 | 26.9% |
| 2022 | 26.6% |
| 2021 | 26.0% |
| 2020 | 24.5% |
| 2019 | 24.9% |
| 2018 | 25.3% |
| 2017 | 25.4% |
| 2016 | 25.3% |
| 2015 | 24.9% |
| 2014 | 24.7% |
| 2013 | 25.0% |
| 2012 | 25.0% |
| 2011 | 25.7% |
| 2010 | 25.2% |
| 2009 | 24.0% |
| 2008 | 26.3% |
| 2007 | 25.9% |
| 2006 | 25.7% |
| 2005 | 25.4% |
| 2004 | 25.1% |
| 2003 | 24.5% |
| 2002 | 24.9% |
| 2001 | 25.6% |
| 2000 | 26.0% |
Series World Bank GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS
People
Who lives in United Kingdom
The net inflow of migrants was smallest in 2020, at 144,221, and largest in 2022, at 487,029. By 2025 it was 389,911. Over-65s went from 15.9% of residents in 2000 to 19.7% in 2025, while children under 15 fell from 18.9% to 17.0%. Births per woman peaked at 1.92 in 2010 and were down to 1.55 in 2024, and a child born in 2024 could expect to live 81.4 years.
69.49 m2025
The axis does not start at zero, so the change looks larger than it is.
Data
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 69.49 m |
| 2024 | 69.28 m |
| 2023 | 68.53 m |
| 2022 | 67.64 m |
| 2021 | 66.98 m |
| 2020 | 66.74 m |
| 2019 | 66.63 m |
| 2018 | 66.29 m |
| 2017 | 65.96 m |
| 2016 | 65.61 m |
| 2015 | 65.09 m |
| 2014 | 64.62 m |
| 2013 | 64.14 m |
| 2012 | 63.71 m |
| 2011 | 63.26 m |
| 2010 | 62.77 m |
| 2009 | 62.28 m |
| 2008 | 61.81 m |
| 2007 | 61.32 m |
| 2006 | 60.85 m |
| 2005 | 60.40 m |
| 2004 | 59.99 m |
| 2003 | 59.65 m |
| 2002 | 59.37 m |
| 2001 | 59.12 m |
| 2000 | 58.89 m |
Series World Bank SP.POP.TOTL
Data
| Year | Aged 0 to 14 | 15 to 64 | 65 and over |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 17.0% | 63.3% | 19.7% |
| 2024 | 17.2% | 63.3% | 19.5% |
| 2023 | 17.4% | 63.4% | 19.2% |
| 2022 | 17.6% | 63.4% | 18.9% |
| 2021 | 17.8% | 63.5% | 18.7% |
| 2020 | 18.0% | 63.4% | 18.6% |
| 2019 | 18.0% | 63.5% | 18.5% |
| 2018 | 18.1% | 63.7% | 18.3% |
| 2017 | 18.0% | 63.9% | 18.1% |
| 2016 | 17.9% | 64.1% | 17.9% |
| 2015 | 17.9% | 64.3% | 17.8% |
| 2014 | 17.8% | 64.6% | 17.6% |
| 2013 | 17.8% | 64.9% | 17.3% |
| 2012 | 17.8% | 65.3% | 17.0% |
| 2011 | 17.7% | 65.7% | 16.6% |
| 2010 | 17.8% | 65.9% | 16.3% |
| 2009 | 17.8% | 66.0% | 16.2% |
| 2008 | 17.8% | 66.1% | 16.0% |
| 2007 | 17.9% | 66.2% | 15.9% |
| 2006 | 18.0% | 66.0% | 15.9% |
| 2005 | 18.2% | 65.9% | 16.0% |
| 2004 | 18.3% | 65.7% | 16.0% |
| 2003 | 18.4% | 65.6% | 15.9% |
| 2002 | 18.5% | 65.6% | 15.9% |
| 2001 | 18.7% | 65.4% | 15.9% |
| 2000 | 18.9% | 65.2% | 15.9% |
Series World Bank SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS
1.552024
Data
| Year | Births per woman |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.55 |
| 2023 | 1.56 |
| 2022 | 1.56 |
| 2021 | 1.58 |
| 2020 | 1.57 |
| 2019 | 1.63 |
| 2018 | 1.68 |
| 2017 | 1.74 |
| 2016 | 1.79 |
| 2015 | 1.80 |
| 2014 | 1.81 |
| 2013 | 1.83 |
| 2012 | 1.92 |
| 2011 | 1.91 |
| 2010 | 1.92 |
| 2009 | 1.89 |
| 2008 | 1.91 |
| 2007 | 1.86 |
| 2006 | 1.82 |
| 2005 | 1.76 |
| 2004 | 1.75 |
| 2003 | 1.70 |
| 2002 | 1.63 |
| 2001 | 1.63 |
| 2000 | 1.64 |
Series World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN
81.4 years2024
Data
| Year | Life expectancy at birth |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 81.4 years |
| 2023 | 81.2 years |
| 2022 | 81.0 years |
| 2021 | 80.7 years |
| 2020 | 80.3 years |
| 2019 | 81.4 years |
| 2018 | 81.3 years |
| 2017 | 81.3 years |
| 2016 | 81.2 years |
| 2015 | 81.0 years |
| 2014 | 81.3 years |
| 2013 | 81.0 years |
| 2012 | 80.9 years |
| 2011 | 81.0 years |
| 2010 | 80.4 years |
| 2009 | 80.0 years |
| 2008 | 79.6 years |
| 2007 | 79.5 years |
| 2006 | 79.3 years |
| 2005 | 79.0 years |
| 2004 | 78.8 years |
| 2003 | 78.5 years |
| 2002 | 78.1 years |
| 2001 | 78.0 years |
| 2000 | 77.7 years |
Series World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN
389 9112025
People arriving less people leaving, each year. The largest net inflow in the series was 487 029 people, in 2022.
Data
| Year | Net migration |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 389 911 |
| 2024 | 417 114 |
| 2023 | 445 523 |
| 2022 | 487 029 |
| 2021 | 462 967 |
| 2020 | 144 221 |
| 2019 | 232 727 |
| 2018 | 259 744 |
| 2017 | 272 311 |
| 2016 | 324 649 |
| 2015 | 347 839 |
| 2014 | 306 091 |
| 2013 | 237 272 |
| 2012 | 172 088 |
| 2011 | 228 773 |
| 2010 | 274 811 |
| 2009 | 249 639 |
| 2008 | 263 390 |
| 2007 | 309 385 |
| 2006 | 288 923 |
| 2005 | 308 279 |
| 2004 | 276 077 |
| 2003 | 211 846 |
| 2002 | 203 577 |
| 2001 | 175 133 |
| 2000 | 153 917 |
Series World Bank SM.POP.NETM
Living standards
Health, schooling, the internet and inequality
Spending on health rose from 7.2% of GDP in 2000 to 12.1% in 2020 and settled at 11.1% in 2024. The state spent 5.9% of GDP on education in 2021. The Gini coefficient fell from 38.9 in 2000 to 32.4 in 2021, and 95.5% of people used the internet in 2024. By 2025, 83.3% lived in towns and cities.
11.1%2024
Data
| Year | Health spending |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 11.1% |
| 2023 | 11.0% |
| 2022 | 11.1% |
| 2021 | 12.1% |
| 2020 | 12.1% |
| 2019 | 10.0% |
| 2018 | 9.8% |
| 2017 | 9.7% |
| 2016 | 9.9% |
| 2015 | 9.9% |
| 2014 | 10.0% |
| 2013 | 10.0% |
| 2012 | 9.9% |
| 2011 | 9.8% |
| 2010 | 9.8% |
| 2009 | 9.8% |
| 2008 | 9.0% |
| 2007 | 8.8% |
| 2006 | 8.5% |
| 2005 | 8.4% |
| 2004 | 8.3% |
| 2003 | 8.1% |
| 2002 | 7.9% |
| 2001 | 7.4% |
| 2000 | 7.2% |
Series World Bank SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS
5.9%2021
Data
| Year | Public spending on education |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 5.9% |
| 2020 | 5.4% |
| 2019 | 5.3% |
| 2018 | 5.2% |
| 2017 | 5.5% |
| 2016 | 5.4% |
| 2015 | 5.5% |
| 2014 | 5.6% |
| 2013 | 5.5% |
| 2011 | 5.6% |
| 2010 | 5.7% |
| 2009 | 5.1% |
| 2008 | 4.9% |
| 2007 | 4.9% |
| 2006 | 5.0% |
| 2005 | 4.9% |
| 2004 | 4.7% |
| 2003 | 4.8% |
| 2002 | 4.6% |
| 2001 | 4.1% |
| 2000 | 4.0% |
Series World Bank SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS
95.5%2024
Data
| Year | Using the internet |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 95.5% |
| 2023 | 95.5% |
| 2022 | 95.5% |
| 2021 | 96.2% |
| 2020 | 94.8% |
| 2019 | 92.5% |
| 2018 | 90.7% |
| 2017 | 90.4% |
| 2016 | 94.8% |
| 2015 | 92.0% |
| 2014 | 91.6% |
| 2013 | 89.8% |
| 2012 | 87.5% |
| 2011 | 85.4% |
| 2010 | 85.0% |
| 2009 | 83.6% |
| 2008 | 78.4% |
| 2007 | 75.1% |
| 2006 | 68.8% |
| 2005 | 70.0% |
| 2004 | 65.6% |
| 2003 | 64.8% |
| 2002 | 56.5% |
| 2001 | 33.5% |
| 2000 | 26.8% |
Series World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS
32.42021
Data
| Year | Gini coefficient |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 32.4 |
| 2020 | 32.7 |
| 2019 | 32.8 |
| 2018 | 33.7 |
| 2017 | 32.6 |
| 2016 | 33.1 |
| 2015 | 33.3 |
| 2014 | 33.1 |
| 2013 | 32.7 |
| 2012 | 33.1 |
| 2011 | 33.2 |
| 2010 | 33.7 |
| 2009 | 35.1 |
| 2008 | 35.4 |
| 2007 | 34.4 |
| 2006 | 35.9 |
| 2005 | 35.5 |
| 2004 | 34.8 |
| 2003 | 34.9 |
| 2002 | 35.1 |
| 2001 | 37.1 |
| 2000 | 38.9 |
Series World Bank SI.POV.GINI
83.3%2025
+3.5 points since 2000, between 79.8% and 83.3% in every year
Data
| Year | Living in towns and cities |
|---|---|
| 2025 | 83.3% |
| 2024 | 83.2% |
| 2023 | 83.2% |
| 2022 | 83.1% |
| 2021 | 83.0% |
| 2020 | 82.9% |
| 2019 | 82.7% |
| 2018 | 82.5% |
| 2017 | 82.2% |
| 2016 | 82.0% |
| 2015 | 81.8% |
| 2014 | 81.6% |
| 2013 | 81.5% |
| 2012 | 81.3% |
| 2011 | 81.1% |
| 2010 | 81.0% |
| 2009 | 80.9% |
| 2008 | 80.8% |
| 2007 | 80.7% |
| 2006 | 80.5% |
| 2005 | 80.5% |
| 2004 | 80.3% |
| 2003 | 80.2% |
| 2002 | 80.1% |
| 2001 | 80.0% |
| 2000 | 79.8% |
Series World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS
Energy and environment
Energy, emissions and forest
Emissions of carbon dioxide per person more than halved, from 9.4 tonnes in 2000 to 4.2 tonnes in 2024. Renewable sources produced 3.4% of electricity in 2000 and 43.9% in 2020; in 2021 the figure was 40.2%, and renewables met 12.2% of final energy use. Woodland made up 13.3% of the land area in 2023.
40.2%2021
Data
| Year | Electricity from renewable sources |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 40.2% |
| 2020 | 43.9% |
| 2019 | 37.5% |
| 2018 | 33.8% |
| 2017 | 30.1% |
| 2016 | 25.5% |
| 2015 | 25.5% |
| 2014 | 20.0% |
| 2013 | 15.7% |
| 2012 | 12.1% |
| 2011 | 10.4% |
| 2010 | 7.7% |
| 2009 | 7.8% |
| 2008 | 6.8% |
| 2007 | 5.9% |
| 2006 | 5.5% |
| 2005 | 5.0% |
| 2004 | 4.3% |
| 2003 | 3.4% |
| 2002 | 3.6% |
| 2001 | 3.1% |
| 2000 | 3.4% |
Series World Bank EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS
12.2%2021
Data
| Year | Renewable share of final energy use |
|---|---|
| 2021 | 12.2% |
| 2020 | 13.6% |
| 2019 | 11.4% |
| 2018 | 10.2% |
| 2017 | 8.8% |
| 2016 | 7.7% |
| 2015 | 7.7% |
| 2014 | 6.6% |
| 2013 | 5.2% |
| 2012 | 4.2% |
| 2011 | 4.0% |
| 2010 | 3.2% |
| 2009 | 3.0% |
| 2008 | 2.4% |
| 2007 | 1.8% |
| 2006 | 1.6% |
| 2005 | 1.4% |
| 2004 | 1.1% |
| 2003 | 0.9% |
| 2002 | 1.0% |
| 2001 | 0.8% |
| 2000 | 1.0% |
Series World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS
4.2 t2024
Data
| Year | CO2 emissions per person |
|---|---|
| 2024 | 4.2 t |
| 2023 | 4.5 t |
| 2022 | 4.8 t |
| 2021 | 5.0 t |
| 2020 | 4.8 t |
| 2019 | 5.4 t |
| 2018 | 5.6 t |
| 2017 | 5.8 t |
| 2016 | 6.0 t |
| 2015 | 6.4 t |
| 2014 | 6.7 t |
| 2013 | 7.3 t |
| 2012 | 7.6 t |
| 2011 | 7.3 t |
| 2010 | 8.0 t |
| 2009 | 7.8 t |
| 2008 | 8.6 t |
| 2007 | 9.0 t |
| 2006 | 9.2 t |
| 2005 | 9.3 t |
| 2004 | 9.3 t |
| 2003 | 9.4 t |
| 2002 | 9.2 t |
| 2001 | 9.5 t |
| 2000 | 9.4 t |
Series World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5
13.3%2023
+1.1 points since 2000, between 12.2% and 13.3% in every year
Data
| Year | Forest cover |
|---|---|
| 2023 | 13.3% |
| 2022 | 13.3% |
| 2021 | 13.2% |
| 2020 | 13.2% |
| 2019 | 13.2% |
| 2018 | 13.1% |
| 2017 | 13.1% |
| 2016 | 13.1% |
| 2015 | 13.0% |
| 2014 | 13.0% |
| 2013 | 12.9% |
| 2012 | 12.8% |
| 2011 | 12.7% |
| 2010 | 12.6% |
| 2009 | 12.6% |
| 2008 | 12.6% |
| 2007 | 12.5% |
| 2006 | 12.5% |
| 2005 | 12.4% |
| 2004 | 12.4% |
| 2003 | 12.3% |
| 2002 | 12.3% |
| 2001 | 12.3% |
| 2000 | 12.2% |
Series World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS
Codes
United Kingdom's codes and memberships
The state
- Status
- Sovereign state
- State since
- 1801
- Government
- constitutional monarchy
- Official language
- English
- United Nations
- Member
Identifiers
- Calling code
- +44
- Internet domain
- .uk
- Time zone
- UTC
Memberships
Also a member, joining year not on record
Questions
Questions about United Kingdom in figures
How much does the UK economy produce?
The World Bank put the United Kingdom's GDP at $4.00 trillion in current US dollars in 2025, or $57,602 per person. Measured at purchasing power parity, GDP per person was $64,606 in 2025. In 2000 the total was $1.67 trillion.
How much is UK government debt as a share of GDP?
General government gross debt stood at 102.3% of GDP in 2025 on the IMF's estimate, below the 104.8% of 2020 and far above the 34.8% of 2001. The IMF's projection keeps it close to that level, at 103.6% in 2026 and 102.6% in 2031. The government borrowed 5.4% of GDP in 2025.
Is the UK economy growing?
The economy expanded 1.4% in real terms in 2025 and 1.1% in 2024, according to the World Bank. For 2026 the IMF projected 0.8%, and for 2027, 1.3%.
What was UK inflation in 2025?
In 2025 the World Bank recorded inflation of 3.9%, after 3.3% in 2024 and 7.9% in 2022. The IMF projected 3.2% for 2026 and 2.0% a year from 2029 onwards.
How many people live in the United Kingdom?
In 2025 the United Kingdom's population was 69,487,000 by the World Bank's estimate, up from 58,892,514 in 2000. Migration added 389,911 people on balance in 2025, and the population grew 0.3% that year.
How long do people live in the UK?
Life expectancy at birth was 81.4 years in 2024, according to the World Bank, up from 77.7 years in 2000. People aged 65 or over made up 19.7% of the population in 2025, and births per woman had fallen to 1.55 by 2024.
Record generated 2026-08-31, series 2026-09-27 · Q145 · World Bank data · Europe