Kazakhstan in figures

Every measured figure this catalogue holds for Kazakhstan, with the date each one was measured and the body that published it.

GDP

$306.2 bn

2025

from $18.3 bn in 2000

GDP per person

$14 692

2025

from $1 180 in 2000

Real growth

6.5%

2025

from 9.8% in 2000

Inflation

11.4%

2025

from 13.2% in 2000

Unemployment

4.8%

2025

from 12.8% in 2000

Government debt

24.6%of GDP

2025

from 17.6% in 2002

Sections

Economy

How large Kazakhstan's economy is, how fast it grows and what it is made of

GDP, current US dollars

$306.2 bn2025

World Bank

Data

Year	GDP, current US dollars
2025	$306.2 bn
2024	$291.5 bn
2023	$261.8 bn
2022	$225.5 bn
2021	$197.1 bn
2020	$171.1 bn
2019	$181.7 bn
2018	$179.3 bn
2017	$166.8 bn
2016	$137.3 bn
2015	$184.4 bn
2014	$221.4 bn
2013	$236.6 bn
2012	$208.0 bn
2011	$192.6 bn
2010	$148.0 bn
2009	$115.3 bn
2008	$133.4 bn
2007	$104.8 bn
2006	$81.0 bn
2005	$57.1 bn
2004	$43.2 bn
2003	$30.8 bn
2002	$24.6 bn
2001	$22.2 bn
2000	$18.3 bn

Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD

Real GDP growth

6.5%2025

World Bank · IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	Growth
2031 (projection)	3.6%
2030 (projection)	3.6%
2029 (projection)	3.6%
2028 (projection)	3.3%
2027 (projection)	4.4%
2026 (projection)	4.6%
2025	6.5%
2024	5.0%
2023	5.1%
2022	3.2%
2021	4.3%
2020	−2.5%
2019	4.5%
2018	4.1%
2017	4.1%
2016	1.1%
2015	1.2%
2014	4.2%
2013	6.0%
2012	4.8%
2011	7.4%
2010	7.3%
2009	1.2%
2008	3.3%
2007	8.9%
2006	10.7%
2005	9.7%
2004	9.6%
2003	9.3%
2002	9.8%
2001	13.5%
2000	9.8%

Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook NGDP_RPCH

GDP per person

$14 6922025

At market exchange ratesAt purchasing power parity

World Bank

Data

Year	GDP per person	At purchasing power
2025	$14 692	$44 293
2024	$14 155	$40 950
2023	$12 879	$38 547
2022	$11 255	$35 889
2021	$9 984	$32 946
2020	$8 782	$29 040
2019	$9 457	$28 689
2018	$9 472	$25 096
2017	$8 943	$23 973
2016	$7 476	$23 023
2015	$10 196	$22 484
2014	$12 428	$23 958
2013	$13 478	$23 754
2012	$12 019	$21 367
2011	$11 287	$20 160
2010	$8 793	$18 642
2009	$6 938	$17 389
2008	$8 124	$17 278
2007	$6 449	$16 581
2006	$5 030	$14 966
2005	$3 577	$13 226
2004	$2 722	$11 777
2003	$1 958	$10 532
2002	$1 574	$9 504
2001	$1 422	$8 568
2000	$1 180	$7 418

Series World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD

Value added, share of GDP

Manufacturing has its own band and is left out of other industry. The remainder is taxes on products less subsidies, which the national accounts add to reach GDP.

200048%17%21%8%

202558%13%20%

Services
Manufacturing
Other industry and construction
Agriculture, forestry, fishing
Taxes less subsidies

World Bank

Prices and work

What prices and jobs did

Inflation, consumer prices

11.4%2025

World Bank · IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	Inflation
2031 (projection)	5.0%
2030 (projection)	5.8%
2029 (projection)	7.6%
2028 (projection)	8.8%
2027 (projection)	10.1%
2026 (projection)	10.7%
2025	11.4%
2024	8.7%
2023	14.5%
2022	15.0%
2021	8.0%
2020	6.7%
2019	5.3%
2018	6.2%
2017	7.4%
2016	14.4%
2015	6.7%
2014	6.8%
2013	5.9%
2012	5.2%
2011	8.4%
2010	7.4%
2009	7.3%
2008	17.1%
2007	10.8%
2006	8.7%
2005	7.6%
2004	6.9%
2003	6.4%
2002	5.8%
2001	8.3%
2000	13.2%

Series World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook PCPIPCH

Unemployment

4.8%2025

All agesAges 15 to 24

World Bank

Data

Year	Unemployment	Ages 15 to 24
2025	4.8%	3.8%
2024	4.8%	3.8%
2023	4.8%	3.8%
2022	4.9%	3.8%
2021	5.6%	4.2%
2020	4.9%	3.8%
2019	4.8%	3.8%
2018	4.8%	3.8%
2017	4.9%	3.8%
2016	5.0%	3.8%
2015	4.9%	3.8%
2014	5.1%	3.8%
2013	5.2%	3.9%
2012	5.3%	3.9%
2011	5.4%	4.6%
2010	5.8%	5.2%
2009	6.5%	6.7%
2008	6.6%	7.4%
2007	7.3%	9.3%
2006	7.8%	11.2%
2005	8.1%	12.7%
2004	8.4%	14.1%
2003	8.8%	14.3%
2002	9.3%	16.7%
2001	10.4%	18.7%
2000	12.8%	22.7%

Series World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS · World Bank SL.UEM.1524.ZS

Trade

How open the economy is

Exports and imports, share of GDP

31.6%2024

ExportsImports

World Bank

Data

Year	Exports of goods and services	Imports
2024	31.6%	25.6%
2023	34.6%	27.7%
2022	41.6%	26.8%
2021	33.6%	25.0%
2020	30.5%	26.5%
2019	36.4%	28.4%
2018	37.6%	25.9%
2017	32.4%	24.4%
2016	31.8%	28.5%
2015	28.5%	24.5%
2014	39.3%	25.6%
2013	38.6%	26.8%
2012	44.1%	29.6%
2011	46.5%	26.6%
2010	44.2%	29.9%
2009	41.8%	33.9%
2008	57.1%	37.1%
2007	49.3%	42.9%
2006	51.0%	40.5%
2005	53.2%	44.6%
2004	52.5%	43.9%
2003	48.4%	43.0%
2002	47.0%	47.0%
2001	45.9%	47.0%
2000	56.6%	49.1%

Series World Bank NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS · World Bank NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS

Current account balance, share of GDP

−4.1%2025

World Bank

Data

Year	Current account balance
2025	−4.1%
2024	−2.3%
2023	−3.2%
2022	2.9%
2021	−1.4%
2020	−6.5%
2019	−3.9%
2018	−1.0%
2017	−2.0%
2016	−5.1%
2015	−5.4%
2014	−1.3%
2013	1.9%
2012	1.3%
2011	7.3%
2010	1.8%
2009	−0.1%
2008	1.0%
2007	−4.5%
2006	−1.0%
2005	0.6%
2004	0.8%
2003	−0.9%
2002	−4.2%
2001	−6.3%
2000	2.0%

Series World Bank BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS

Foreign direct investment, net inflows, share of GDP

−0.3%2025

World Bank

Data

Year	Foreign direct investment, net inflows
2025	−0.3%
2024	0.7%
2023	2.2%
2022	2.3%
2021	2.3%
2020	4.2%
2019	2.0%
2018	0.2%
2017	2.9%
2016	12.6%
2015	3.6%
2014	3.3%
2013	4.2%
2012	6.6%
2011	7.1%
2010	5.0%
2009	12.4%
2008	12.6%
2007	11.4%
2006	9.4%
2005	4.5%
2004	13.0%
2003	8.1%
2002	10.5%
2001	12.7%
2000	7.5%

Series World Bank BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS

Public finances

What the state owes and borrows

General government gross debt, share of GDP

24.6%2025

IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	General government gross debt
2031 (projection)	32.1%
2030 (projection)	30.8%
2029 (projection)	29.5%
2028 (projection)	28.0%
2027 (projection)	26.3%
2026 (projection)	24.9%
2025	24.6%
2024	24.4%
2023	23.0%
2022	23.5%
2021	25.1%
2020	26.4%
2019	19.9%
2018	20.3%
2017	19.9%
2016	19.7%
2015	21.9%
2014	14.5%
2013	12.6%
2012	12.1%
2011	10.2%
2010	10.7%
2009	10.2%
2008	6.8%
2007	4.1%
2006	6.7%
2005	8.1%
2004	11.4%
2003	15.0%
2002	17.6%

Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXWDG_NGDP

Government net lending or borrowing, share of GDP

−3.1%2025

Below zero the government borrowed.

IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	General government net lending or borrowing
2031 (projection)	−1.7%
2030 (projection)	−1.7%
2029 (projection)	−2.0%
2028 (projection)	−2.0%
2027 (projection)	−1.8%
2026 (projection)	−1.3%
2025	−3.1%
2024	−3.4%
2023	−1.4%
2022	0.1%
2021	−5.0%
2020	−7.0%
2019	−0.6%
2018	2.6%
2017	−4.3%
2016	−4.5%
2015	−6.3%
2014	2.5%
2013	4.9%
2012	4.4%
2011	5.8%
2010	1.5%
2009	−1.3%
2008	1.2%
2007	5.1%
2006	7.7%
2005	6.1%
2004	3.3%
2003	4.0%
2002	1.9%

Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXCNL_NGDP

Tax revenue, share of GDP

11.9%2023

World Bank

Data

Year	Tax revenue
2023	11.9%
2022	12.1%
2021	9.4%
2020	8.3%
2019	11.8%
2018	11.7%
2017	10.3%
2016	9.9%
2015	9.8%
2014	14.2%
2013	16.0%
2012	13.3%
2011	18.3%
2010	15.7%
2004	13.9%
2003	13.1%
2002	12.1%
2001	9.6%
2000	10.2%

Series World Bank GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS

People

Who lives in Kazakhstan

Population

20.84 m2025

The axis does not start at zero, so the change looks larger than it is.

World Bank

Data

Year	Population
2025	20.84 m
2024	20.59 m
2023	20.33 m
2022	20.03 m
2021	19.74 m
2020	19.48 m
2019	19.21 m
2018	18.93 m
2017	18.65 m
2016	18.36 m
2015	18.08 m
2014	17.82 m
2013	17.56 m
2012	17.31 m
2011	17.07 m
2010	16.84 m
2009	16.62 m
2008	16.43 m
2007	16.26 m
2006	16.10 m
2005	15.97 m
2004	15.85 m
2003	15.75 m
2002	15.66 m
2001	15.58 m
2000	15.50 m

Series World Bank SP.POP.TOTL

Age structure, share of the population

World Bank

Data

Year	Aged 0 to 14	15 to 64	65 and over
2025	29.1%	61.9%	9.0%
2024	29.4%	62.0%	8.7%
2023	29.5%	62.1%	8.3%
2022	29.6%	62.4%	8.0%
2021	29.5%	62.7%	7.8%
2020	29.2%	63.1%	7.7%
2019	29.0%	63.5%	7.5%
2018	28.8%	63.9%	7.3%
2017	28.5%	64.3%	7.1%
2016	28.1%	64.9%	6.9%
2015	27.7%	65.6%	6.8%
2014	27.2%	66.2%	6.6%
2013	26.7%	66.9%	6.5%
2012	26.2%	67.5%	6.4%
2011	25.7%	67.9%	6.4%
2010	25.4%	68.1%	6.5%
2009	25.1%	68.1%	6.8%
2008	24.9%	68.1%	7.1%
2007	24.7%	68.0%	7.3%
2006	24.7%	67.9%	7.5%
2005	24.8%	67.7%	7.5%
2004	25.1%	67.5%	7.4%
2003	25.6%	67.2%	7.2%
2002	26.2%	66.8%	7.0%
2001	26.9%	66.3%	6.8%
2000	27.6%	65.7%	6.7%

Series World Bank SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS

Births per woman

2.982024

World Bank

Data

Year	Births per woman
2024	2.98
2023	3.01
2022	3.05
2021	3.32
2020	3.13
2019	2.89
2018	2.85
2017	2.75
2016	2.80
2015	2.76
2014	2.76
2013	2.67
2012	2.64
2011	2.61
2010	2.61
2009	2.58
2008	2.62
2007	2.49
2006	2.38
2005	2.27
2004	2.20
2003	2.08
2002	1.96
2001	1.91
2000	1.90

Series World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN

Life expectancy at birth

74.5 years2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Life expectancy at birth
2024	74.5 years
2023	74.4 years
2022	73.5 years
2021	70.1 years
2020	71.2 years
2019	73.7 years
2018	73.4 years
2017	73.0 years
2016	72.5 years
2015	72.0 years
2014	71.4 years
2013	70.7 years
2012	69.9 years
2011	69.1 years
2010	68.3 years
2009	67.5 years
2008	66.8 years
2007	66.2 years
2006	65.7 years
2005	65.4 years
2004	65.0 years
2003	64.8 years
2002	64.4 years
2001	64.1 years
2000	63.8 years

Series World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN

Net migration

−8 8342025

People arriving less people leaving, each year. The largest net inflow in the series was 45 755 people, in 2022.

World Bank

Data

Year	Net migration
2025	−8 834
2024	−7 368
2023	−4 822
2022	45 755
2021	−9 804
2020	−8 716
2019	2 594
2018	−6 644
2017	21 248
2016	9 478
2015	−2 011
2014	−10 170
2013	−3 925
2012	−4 512
2011	−3 160
2010	−6 840
2009	−7 758
2008	−37 796
2007	−26 237
2006	−21 728
2005	−20 171
2004	−22 841
2003	−16 027
2002	−8 272
2001	−7 333
2000	−8 754

Series World Bank SM.POP.NETM

Living standards

Health, schooling, the internet and inequality

Health spending, share of GDP

3.8%2023

World Bank

Data

Year	Health spending
2023	3.8%
2022	3.8%
2021	4.0%
2020	3.8%
2019	2.9%
2018	2.9%
2017	3.0%
2016	3.4%
2015	3.0%
2014	3.0%
2013	2.7%
2012	3.0%
2011	2.6%
2010	2.7%
2009	3.5%
2008	3.0%
2007	2.7%
2006	3.4%
2005	3.9%
2004	4.0%
2003	3.7%
2002	3.6%
2001	3.5%
2000	4.2%

Series World Bank SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS

Public spending on education, share of GDP

4.9%2023

World Bank

Data

Year	Public spending on education
2023	4.9%
2022	4.4%
2021	4.4%
2020	4.5%
2019	2.9%
2018	2.6%
2017	2.8%
2016	3.0%
2015	2.8%
2014	3.4%
2013	3.5%
2012	3.9%
2011	3.6%
2010	3.6%
2009	3.1%
2008	2.6%
2007	2.8%
2006	2.6%
2005	2.3%
2004	2.3%
2002	3.0%
2000	3.3%

Series World Bank SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS

Using the internet

93.4%2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Using the internet
2024	93.4%
2023	92.9%
2022	92.3%
2021	90.9%
2020	85.9%
2019	81.9%
2018	78.9%
2017	76.4%
2016	74.6%
2015	70.8%
2014	66.0%
2013	63.3%
2012	61.9%
2011	50.6%
2010	31.6%
2009	18.2%
2008	11.0%
2007	4.0%
2006	3.3%
2005	3.0%
2004	2.6%
2003	2.0%
2002	1.7%
2001	1.0%
2000	0.7%

Series World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS

Gini coefficient

29.22021

World Bank

Data

Year	Gini coefficient
2021	29.2
2020	28.7
2019	28.0
2018	27.8
2017	27.5
2016	27.2
2015	26.8
2014	27.0
2013	27.1
2012	28.2
2011	28.0
2010	28.0
2009	28.2
2008	28.5
2007	30.1
2006	30.2
2005	39.8
2004	31.8
2003	33.7
2002	34.8
2001	36.0

Series World Bank SI.POV.GINI

Living in towns and cities

62.4%2025

World Bank

Data

Year	Living in towns and cities
2025	62.4%
2024	62.1%
2023	61.8%
2022	61.4%
2021	61.0%
2020	60.0%
2019	59.1%
2018	58.2%
2017	57.5%
2016	56.8%
2015	56.1%
2014	55.5%
2013	55.1%
2012	54.7%
2011	54.4%
2010	54.2%
2009	54.1%
2008	54.1%
2007	54.2%
2006	54.4%
2005	54.6%
2004	54.9%
2003	55.2%
2002	55.5%
2001	55.8%
2000	56.0%

Series World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS

Energy and environment

Energy, emissions and forest

Electricity from renewable sources

11.0%2021

World Bank

Data

Year	Electricity from renewable sources
2021	11.0%
2020	10.9%
2019	10.6%
2018	10.3%
2017	11.3%
2016	12.7%
2015	10.3%
2014	8.7%
2013	7.5%
2012	8.2%
2011	9.1%
2010	9.7%
2009	8.6%
2008	9.2%
2007	10.7%
2006	10.8%
2005	11.6%
2004	11.9%
2003	13.5%
2002	15.2%
2001	14.2%
2000	14.7%

Series World Bank EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS

Renewable share of final energy use

2.0%2021

World Bank

Data

Year	Renewable share of final energy use
2021	2.0%
2020	1.8%
2019	1.9%
2018	1.9%
2017	2.0%
2016	2.1%
2015	1.7%
2014	1.3%
2013	1.2%
2012	1.3%
2011	1.4%
2010	1.4%
2009	1.3%
2008	1.1%
2007	1.8%
2006	2.1%
2005	2.1%
2004	1.9%
2003	2.3%
2002	2.8%
2001	2.4%
2000	2.5%

Series World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS

CO2 emissions per person

12.6 t2024

World Bank

Data

Year	CO2 emissions per person
2024	12.6 t
2023	12.6 t
2022	12.3 t
2021	12.3 t
2020	11.6 t
2019	11.4 t
2018	12.1 t
2017	12.1 t
2016	11.8 t
2015	11.2 t
2014	13.1 t
2013	15.7 t
2012	14.9 t
2011	15.4 t
2010	14.4 t
2009	13.5 t
2008	15.1 t
2007	13.5 t
2006	13.1 t
2005	11.8 t
2004	11.0 t
2003	10.3 t
2002	9.3 t
2001	8.4 t
2000	8.5 t

Series World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5

Forest cover

1.3%2023

World Bank

Data

Year	Forest cover
2023	1.3%
2022	1.3%
2021	1.3%
2020	1.3%
2019	1.3%
2018	1.3%
2017	1.3%
2016	1.2%
2015	1.2%
2014	1.2%
2013	1.2%
2012	1.2%
2011	1.2%
2010	1.1%
2009	1.1%
2008	1.1%
2007	1.1%
2006	1.1%
2005	1.2%
2004	1.2%
2003	1.2%
2002	1.2%
2001	1.2%
2000	1.2%

Series World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS

Codes

Kazakhstan's codes and memberships

The state

Status: Sovereign state
State since: 1991
Government: presidential system
Official languages: Kazakh, Russian
United Nations: Member

Identifiers

KZISO alpha-2

KAZISO alpha-3

398ISO numeric

Calling code: +7
Internet domain: .kz · .қаз
Time zone: UTC+05:00

Memberships

Also a member, joining year not on record

Record generated 2026-08-31, series 2026-09-27 · Q232 · World Bank data · Asia