Madagascar in figures

Every measured figure this catalogue holds for Madagascar, with the date each one was measured and the body that published it.

GDP

$19.6 bn

2025

from $4.6 bn in 2000

GDP per person

$599

2025

from $280 in 2000

Real growth

3.0%

2025

from 4.5% in 2000

Inflation

8.1%

2025

from 11.9% in 2000

Unemployment

3.0%

2025

from 5.8% in 2000

Government debt

48.7%of GDP

2025

from 90.2% in 2000

Sections

Economy

How large Madagascar's economy is, how fast it grows and what it is made of

GDP, current US dollars

$19.6 bn2025

World Bank

Data

Year	GDP, current US dollars
2025	$19.6 bn
2024	$17.6 bn
2023	$16.0 bn
2022	$15.3 bn
2021	$14.4 bn
2020	$13.1 bn
2019	$14.1 bn
2018	$13.8 bn
2017	$13.2 bn
2016	$11.8 bn
2015	$11.3 bn
2014	$12.5 bn
2013	$12.4 bn
2012	$11.6 bn
2011	$11.6 bn
2010	$10.0 bn
2009	$9.6 bn
2008	$10.7 bn
2007	$8.5 bn
2006	$6.4 bn
2005	$5.9 bn
2004	$5.1 bn
2003	$6.4 bn
2002	$5.4 bn
2001	$5.4 bn
2000	$4.6 bn

Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.CD

Real GDP growth

3.0%2025

World Bank · IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	Growth
2031 (projection)	4.8%
2030 (projection)	4.8%
2029 (projection)	4.7%
2028 (projection)	4.6%
2027 (projection)	4.1%
2026 (projection)	3.6%
2025	3.0%
2024	4.3%
2023	4.2%
2022	4.1%
2021	4.7%
2020	−7.1%
2019	4.4%
2018	3.2%
2017	3.9%
2016	4.0%
2015	3.1%
2014	3.3%
2013	2.3%
2012	3.0%
2011	1.6%
2010	0.6%
2009	−4.0%
2008	6.7%
2007	5.7%
2006	5.4%
2005	4.8%
2004	5.3%
2003	9.8%
2002	−12.4%
2001	6.0%
2000	4.5%

Series World Bank NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook NGDP_RPCH

GDP per person

$5992025

At market exchange ratesAt purchasing power parity

World Bank

Data

Year	GDP per person	At purchasing power
2025	$599	$1 952
2024	$550	$1 889
2023	$514	$1 810
2022	$504	$1 716
2021	$483	$1 577
2020	$451	$1 490
2019	$500	$1 612
2018	$500	$1 547
2017	$492	$1 547
2016	$454	$1 562
2015	$445	$1 497
2014	$506	$1 499
2013	$515	$1 473
2012	$494	$1 464
2011	$506	$1 475
2010	$450	$1 464
2009	$446	$1 480
2008	$513	$1 577
2007	$420	$1 493
2006	$324	$1 416
2005	$306	$1 343
2004	$272	$1 280
2003	$353	$1 219
2002	$305	$1 121
2001	$319	$1 299
2000	$280	$1 236

Series World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.CD · World Bank NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD

Value added, share of GDP

Manufacturing has its own band and is left out of other industry. The remainder is taxes on products less subsidies, which the national accounts add to reach GDP.

200048%31%21%

202549%24%22%

Services
Manufacturing
Other industry and construction
Agriculture, forestry, fishing
Taxes less subsidies

World Bank

Prices and work

What prices and jobs did

Inflation, consumer prices

8.1%2025

World Bank · IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	Inflation
2031 (projection)	5.0%
2030 (projection)	6.0%
2029 (projection)	6.0%
2028 (projection)	6.0%
2027 (projection)	7.0%
2026 (projection)	8.3%
2025	8.1%
2024	7.6%
2023	9.9%
2022	8.2%
2021	5.8%
2020	4.2%
2019	5.6%
2018	8.6%
2017	8.6%
2016	6.0%
2015	7.4%
2014	6.1%
2013	5.8%
2012	5.7%
2011	9.5%
2010	9.3%
2009	8.9%
2008	9.3%
2007	10.3%
2006	10.8%
2005	18.4%
2004	14.0%
2003	−1.7%
2002	16.5%
2001	7.9%
2000	11.9%

Series World Bank FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG · IMF World Economic Outlook PCPIPCH

Unemployment

3.0%2025

All agesAges 15 to 24

World Bank

Data

Year	Unemployment	Ages 15 to 24
2025	3.0%	5.3%
2024	3.0%	5.5%
2023	3.0%	5.4%
2022	3.2%	5.6%
2021	3.5%	6.1%
2020	3.3%	5.9%
2019	2.5%	4.5%
2018	2.3%	4.2%
2017	2.1%	3.9%
2016	1.9%	3.6%
2015	1.8%	3.3%
2014	1.4%	2.5%
2013	1.0%	1.8%
2012	0.6%	1.0%
2011	2.5%	3.2%
2010	4.3%	4.8%
2009	3.9%	4.0%
2008	3.4%	3.4%
2007	3.2%	3.0%
2006	3.0%	2.6%
2005	2.6%	2.3%
2004	4.0%	4.7%
2003	5.0%	6.9%
2002	5.5%	7.7%
2001	5.3%	7.8%
2000	5.8%	8.4%

Series World Bank SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS · World Bank SL.UEM.1524.ZS

Trade

How open the economy is

Exports and imports, share of GDP

21.3%2025

ExportsImports

World Bank

Data

Year	Exports of goods and services	Imports
2025	21.3%	32.9%
2024	24.0%	33.5%
2023	26.7%	36.0%
2022	30.5%	40.0%
2021	23.1%	32.1%
2020	20.1%	28.9%
2019	28.4%	34.2%
2018	31.5%	36.3%
2017	30.9%	34.4%
2016	29.1%	31.7%
2015	28.4%	32.8%
2014	28.3%	33.7%
2013	23.3%	33.1%
2012	21.8%	30.9%
2011	22.7%	33.8%
2010	21.9%	36.0%
2009	20.4%	42.0%
2008	27.7%	46.6%
2007	27.8%	38.9%
2006	27.5%	34.6%
2005	24.3%	34.8%
2004	19.5%	29.3%
2003	13.7%	20.3%
2002	21.8%	28.4%
2001	20.1%	21.0%
2000	19.1%	23.7%

Series World Bank NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS · World Bank NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS

Current account balance, share of GDP

−4.3%2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Current account balance
2024	−4.3%
2023	−2.8%
2022	−5.5%
2021	−5.0%
2020	−4.8%
2019	−2.1%
2018	0.7%
2017	−0.2%
2016	0.4%
2015	−2.3%
2014	−0.7%
2013	−6.5%
2012	−7.5%
2011	−6.7%
2010	−8.9%
2009	−18.2%
2008	−15.6%
2007	−9.9%
2006	−9.2%
2005	−12.5%
2004	−7.9%
2003	−5.2%
2002	−8.9%
2001	−2.6%
2000	−5.6%

Series World Bank BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS

Foreign direct investment, net inflows, share of GDP

3.5%2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Foreign direct investment, net inflows
2024	3.5%
2023	3.2%
2022	3.0%
2021	2.5%
2020	2.8%
2019	3.4%
2018	4.5%
2017	3.5%
2016	4.6%
2015	2.9%
2014	3.0%
2013	4.5%
2012	7.0%
2011	7.1%
2010	9.1%
2009	13.4%
2008	10.6%
2007	9.3%
2006	4.6%
2005	1.5%
2004	1.0%
2003	0.2%
2002	0.3%
2001	1.7%
2000	1.8%

Series World Bank BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS

Public finances

What the state owes and borrows

General government gross debt, share of GDP

48.7%2025

IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	General government gross debt
2031 (projection)	48.3%
2030 (projection)	48.7%
2029 (projection)	50.6%
2028 (projection)	50.6%
2027 (projection)	50.4%
2026 (projection)	49.3%
2025	48.7%
2024	49.8%
2023	52.1%
2022	49.8%
2021	49.4%
2020	52.9%
2019	41.3%
2018	42.9%
2017	40.1%
2016	40.3%
2015	44.1%
2014	37.8%
2013	36.2%
2012	30.4%
2011	29.9%
2010	32.3%
2009	34.9%
2008	31.0%
2007	28.2%
2006	32.2%
2005	74.4%
2004	81.9%
2003	85.9%
2002	86.7%
2001	82.1%
2000	90.2%

Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXWDG_NGDP

Government net lending or borrowing, share of GDP

−2.2%2025

Below zero the government borrowed.

IMF World Economic Outlook

Data

Year	General government net lending or borrowing
2031 (projection)	−3.6%
2030 (projection)	−3.8%
2029 (projection)	−3.9%
2028 (projection)	−3.9%
2027 (projection)	−3.9%
2026 (projection)	−4.6%
2025	−2.2%
2024	−2.5%
2023	−4.2%
2022	−5.5%
2021	−2.8%
2020	−4.0%
2019	−1.4%
2018	−1.3%
2017	−2.1%
2016	−1.1%
2015	−2.9%
2014	−2.0%
2013	−3.4%
2012	−2.2%
2011	−2.0%
2010	−0.8%
2009	−2.3%
2008	−1.7%
2007	−2.3%
2006	−5.7%
2005	−2.5%
2004	−4.2%
2003	−3.3%
2002	−4.1%
2001	−3.6%
2000	−2.4%

Series IMF World Economic Outlook GGXCNL_NGDP

Tax revenue, share of GDP

10.9%2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Tax revenue
2024	10.9%
2023	9.5%
2022	9.2%
2021	10.4%
2020	9.5%
2019	10.5%
2018	10.3%
2017	10.0%
2016	9.2%
2015	8.9%
2014	8.4%
2013	8.8%
2012	8.4%
2011	8.7%
2010	8.5%
2009	8.3%
2008	11.4%
2007	9.8%
2006	9.2%
2005	8.7%
2004	9.4%
2003	8.6%

Series World Bank GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZS

People

Who lives in Madagascar

Population

32.74 m2025

The axis does not start at zero, so the change looks larger than it is.

World Bank

Data

Year	Population
2025	32.74 m
2024	31.96 m
2023	31.20 m
2022	30.44 m
2021	29.69 m
2020	28.95 m
2019	28.22 m
2018	27.49 m
2017	26.79 m
2016	26.10 m
2015	25.43 m
2014	24.76 m
2013	24.11 m
2012	23.46 m
2011	22.82 m
2010	22.18 m
2009	21.55 m
2008	20.92 m
2007	20.32 m
2006	19.73 m
2005	19.16 m
2004	18.61 m
2003	18.07 m
2002	17.55 m
2001	17.03 m
2000	16.52 m

Series World Bank SP.POP.TOTL

Age structure, share of the population

World Bank

Data

Year	Aged 0 to 14	15 to 64	65 and over
2025	38.9%	57.6%	3.5%
2024	39.3%	57.3%	3.4%
2023	39.6%	57.1%	3.3%
2022	39.9%	56.9%	3.3%
2021	40.1%	56.7%	3.2%
2020	40.4%	56.5%	3.1%
2019	40.6%	56.3%	3.1%
2018	40.9%	56.0%	3.0%
2017	41.2%	55.8%	2.9%
2016	41.6%	55.5%	2.9%
2015	42.0%	55.2%	2.8%
2014	42.4%	54.9%	2.7%
2013	42.8%	54.5%	2.7%
2012	43.3%	54.1%	2.7%
2011	43.7%	53.7%	2.7%
2010	44.0%	53.3%	2.7%
2009	44.3%	53.0%	2.7%
2008	44.6%	52.8%	2.7%
2007	44.8%	52.5%	2.7%
2006	45.0%	52.3%	2.7%
2005	45.2%	52.1%	2.7%
2004	45.3%	51.9%	2.8%
2003	45.4%	51.8%	2.8%
2002	45.4%	51.8%	2.8%
2001	45.5%	51.8%	2.8%
2000	45.4%	51.8%	2.8%

Series World Bank SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS · World Bank SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS

Births per woman

3.912024

World Bank

Data

Year	Births per woman
2024	3.91
2023	3.97
2022	4.04
2021	4.10
2020	4.17
2019	4.22
2018	4.25
2017	4.26
2016	4.29
2015	4.34
2014	4.42
2013	4.53
2012	4.61
2011	4.74
2010	4.90
2009	5.00
2008	5.04
2007	5.08
2006	5.13
2005	5.20
2004	5.26
2003	5.33
2002	5.41
2001	5.53
2000	5.67

Series World Bank SP.DYN.TFRT.IN

Life expectancy at birth

63.8 years2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Life expectancy at birth
2024	63.8 years
2023	63.6 years
2022	63.1 years
2021	62.5 years
2020	62.7 years
2019	63.5 years
2018	63.5 years
2017	63.4 years
2016	63.4 years
2015	63.4 years
2014	63.3 years
2013	63.2 years
2012	63.0 years
2011	62.9 years
2010	62.6 years
2009	62.3 years
2008	62.0 years
2007	61.5 years
2006	61.1 years
2005	60.7 years
2004	60.2 years
2003	59.7 years
2002	59.2 years
2001	58.7 years
2000	58.0 years

Series World Bank SP.DYN.LE00.IN

Net migration

−2 2272025

People arriving less people leaving, each year.

World Bank

Data

Year	Net migration
2025	−2 227
2024	−1 795
2023	−1 487
2022	−1 487
2021	−1 480
2020	−1 480
2019	−2 976
2018	−2 887
2017	−2 784
2016	−2 687
2015	−2 594
2014	−2 522
2013	−2 445
2012	−2 334
2011	−2 219
2010	−1 979
2009	−1 429
2008	−1 255
2007	−1 563
2006	−2 336
2005	−4 869
2004	−13 393
2003	−18 345
2002	−18 209
2001	−13 014
2000	−4 298

Series World Bank SM.POP.NETM

Living standards

Health, schooling, the internet and inequality

Health spending, share of GDP

3.4%2023

World Bank

Data

Year	Health spending
2023	3.4%
2022	3.1%
2021	3.5%
2020	3.7%
2019	3.1%
2018	4.2%
2017	4.8%
2016	5.3%
2015	5.0%
2014	4.5%
2013	3.8%
2012	3.9%
2011	4.5%
2010	4.7%
2009	4.4%
2008	4.1%
2007	4.6%
2006	5.1%
2005	5.2%
2004	5.3%
2003	5.0%
2002	4.9%
2001	4.1%
2000	4.0%

Series World Bank SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS

Public spending on education, share of GDP

3.0%2023

World Bank

Data

Year	Public spending on education
2023	3.0%
2022	3.1%
2021	3.2%
2020	3.3%
2019	3.0%
2018	2.8%
2017	2.7%
2016	2.7%
2015	2.2%
2014	2.4%
2013	1.8%
2012	2.3%
2011	2.4%
2010	2.3%
2009	2.8%
2008	2.5%
2007	2.9%
2006	2.8%
2005	3.3%
2004	2.8%
2003	2.6%
2002	2.2%
2001	2.7%
2000	2.4%

Series World Bank SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS

Using the internet

18.7%2024

World Bank

Data

Year	Using the internet
2024	18.7%
2023	18.2%
2022	17.8%
2021	13.8%
2020	11.3%
2019	9.4%
2018	7.8%
2017	6.4%
2016	4.7%
2015	4.2%
2014	3.7%
2013	3.0%
2012	2.3%
2011	1.9%
2010	1.7%
2009	1.6%
2008	1.6%
2007	0.7%
2006	0.6%
2005	0.6%
2004	0.5%
2003	0.4%
2002	0.3%
2001	0.2%
2000	0.2%

Series World Bank IT.NET.USER.ZS

Gini coefficient

36.82021

World Bank

Data

Year	Gini coefficient
2021	36.8
2012	42.6
2010	42.4
2005	39.9
2001	47.4

Series World Bank SI.POV.GINI

Living in towns and cities

32.9%2025

World Bank

Data

Year	Living in towns and cities
2025	32.9%
2024	32.4%
2023	32.0%
2022	31.5%
2021	31.1%
2020	30.7%
2019	30.3%
2018	29.9%
2017	29.7%
2016	29.4%
2015	29.2%
2014	28.9%
2013	28.7%
2012	28.4%
2011	28.1%
2010	27.9%
2009	27.6%
2008	27.3%
2007	27.0%
2006	26.8%
2005	26.5%
2004	26.2%
2003	25.9%
2002	25.6%
2001	25.3%
2000	25.0%

Series World Bank SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS

Energy and environment

Energy, emissions and forest

Electricity from renewable sources

34.1%2021

World Bank

Data

Year	Electricity from renewable sources
2021	34.1%
2020	42.3%
2019	39.6%
2018	44.7%
2017	36.6%
2016	50.9%
2015	46.4%
2014	41.6%
2013	39.5%
2012	44.3%
2011	51.3%
2010	61.1%
2009	67.6%
2008	63.6%
2007	68.4%
2006	63.4%
2005	65.3%
2004	64.7%
2003	67.8%
2002	68.1%
2001	67.2%
2000	68.5%

Series World Bank EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS

Renewable share of final energy use

83.1%2022

+0.9 points since 2000, between 81.4% and 87.2% in every year

200082.2%

202283.1%

World Bank

Data

Year	Renewable share of final energy use
2022	83.1%
2021	83.6%
2020	84.7%
2019	82.5%
2018	84.2%
2017	81.9%
2016	83.8%
2015	83.9%
2014	82.2%
2013	81.4%
2012	83.3%
2011	84.5%
2010	86.7%
2009	87.2%
2008	86.4%
2007	86.2%
2006	85.9%
2005	84.9%
2004	84.3%
2003	84.8%
2002	87.2%
2001	84.1%
2000	82.2%

Series World Bank EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS

CO2 emissions per person

0.1 t2024

World Bank

Data

Year	CO2 emissions per person
2024	0.1 t
2023	0.1 t
2022	0.1 t
2021	0.1 t
2020	0.1 t
2019	0.1 t
2018	0.1 t
2017	0.1 t
2016	0.1 t
2015	0.1 t
2014	0.1 t
2013	0.1 t
2012	0.1 t
2011	0.1 t
2010	0.1 t
2009	0.1 t
2008	0.1 t
2007	0.1 t
2006	0.1 t
2005	0.1 t
2004	0.1 t
2003	0.1 t
2002	0.1 t
2001	0.1 t
2000	0.1 t

Series World Bank EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5

Forest cover

21.3%2023

−1.1 points since 2000, between 21.3% and 22.4% in every year

200022.4%

202321.3%

World Bank

Data

Year	Forest cover
2023	21.3%
2022	21.3%
2021	21.3%
2020	21.4%
2019	21.4%
2018	21.4%
2017	21.4%
2016	21.5%
2015	21.5%
2014	21.5%
2013	21.5%
2012	21.6%
2011	21.6%
2010	21.6%
2009	21.7%
2008	21.8%
2007	21.8%
2006	21.9%
2005	22.0%
2004	22.1%
2003	22.2%
2002	22.3%
2001	22.3%
2000	22.4%

Series World Bank AG.LND.FRST.ZS

Codes

Madagascar's codes and memberships

The state

Status: Sovereign state
State since: 1960
Government: republic
Official languages: French, Malagasy
United Nations: Member

Identifiers

MGISO alpha-2

MDGISO alpha-3

450ISO numeric

Calling code: +261
Internet domain: .mg
Time zone: UTC+03:00

Memberships

1989FrancophonieOrganisation internationale de la Francophonie

Also a member, joining year not on record

Record generated 2026-08-31, series 2026-09-27 · Q1019 · World Bank data · Africa